How to Review Flagged Questions on a Certification Exam

What has been corrected on this page?

Every accepted correction to this page is recorded with the exact change, so readers can see how the page improved over time.

1. 11 July 2026 · corrected by Emir Baycan

   2 flagged findings: an unverified quote attributed to Dr. Wim van der Linden with no verifiable source; an unverified quote attributed to Dr. Justin Kruger that additionally asserted 'first instincts are correct more often than changes,' which contradicts real, well-documented research on answer-changing behavior (a 2006 meta-analysis of 100+ studies found changes are more often corrections than mistakes) -- the same myth already corrected in a sibling article this session.

   What the page claimed

   A quote attributed to Dr. Wim van der Linden with no verifiable source; a quote attributed to Dr. Justin Kruger asserting 'first instincts are correct more often than changes,' contradicting real research showing answer changes are more often corrections than mistakes; body text also repeated the same backwards claim citing Benjamin et al. (1984).

   What was corrected

   Both quotes de-attributed to unattributed prose. The Kruger quote's backwards claim corrected to state that changes are, on balance, more often corrections than mistakes, while preserving its valid nuance about anxiety-driven vs. knowledge-driven changes. The body text repeating the same backwards claim was also corrected for consistency.

   Why: De-attributed two unverified quotes and corrected a research claim that had the real finding backwards (changes are more often corrections, not mistakes), consistent with the well-documented answer-changing literature.

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