Correction Concepts
Why Optimization Fails in Complex Systems
Optimization removes slack needed for adaptation. Maximizing one variable often degrades others. Perfect efficiency creates fragility.
Needs stronger evidenceMissing context
What was corrected
What the page claimed
The article cited a precise Sheffi 40%/2.3-year/29-disruption finding, an Andrew Lo 3-5x VaR amplification estimate, and a single definitive $9.6 billion Kiel Suez-blockage figure.
What was corrected
Reframed the Sheffi figures as illustrative, generalized the Lo mechanism without the unverifiable multiplier, and noted the Kiel figure was one of several differing estimates.
Why this is better
The precise multipliers and single-estimate framing were not fully verifiable. Corrections scope the claims rather than adding new sources.
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