How Memory Retention Really Works
Encoding creates memories; storage preserves them; retrieval strengthens them. Testing yourself embeds knowledge better than re-reading ever could.
What was corrected
Article cited specific researchers, institutions, and statistics for memory and sleep research that, on independent verification, were either impossible (a medical school that doesn't exist), overstated relative to the real published effect size, or correctly-stated findings credited to the wrong researcher.
Removed the unverified Wilfrid Laurier claim while preserving the real, general Ambrose spaced-repetition point; corrected the Born et al. effect size to match the real study; corrected the nap-restoration finding's attribution to Mednick, Nakayama and Stickgold (2003); corrected the blood-alcohol equivalence statistic's attribution to Williamson and Feyer.
Why this is better
Real researchers and institutions were used as anchors for an impossible claim, an inflated statistic, and two citation swaps between real, closely-related studies - a more subtle variant of the fabrication pattern found across this batch of legacy articles.