Framework Overload: Managing Mental Models Effectively
Analyze framework overload and its effects on decision-making, emphasizing the importance of applied knowledge.
What was corrected
The article cited a 2018 Potocnik study (14 firms), a 2015 Graber study (583 diagnostic errors), a 2020 Finkelstein study (45 companies, 62% vs 38%), a 2022 McKinsey survey (750 technology companies, 67%), and a 1984 GM/McKinsey study (35% of managers' time), each with precise figures but no verifiable source.
Removed the unverified attributions and unverified statistics; retained the qualitative claim (beyond a moderate framework repertoire, added frameworks stop improving and can degrade decision quality) as general, unattributed statements. Retained the genuinely documented history (Mintzberg's Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning, 1960s-70s corporate planning systems, GM/Sloan/Toyota).
Why this is better
These studies could not be verified in any database or the cited journals and carry the signature of unverified AI-generated citations (specific institution + sample + result, no retrievable source). Editorial policy is to remove unverified sources rather than substitute new ones.
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